1) A cymothoid isopod lives inside the mouth of a snapper fish. The isopod severs blood vessels in the fish’s tongue, causing the tongue to atrophy and degenerate. The isopod then hooks its pereopods, or legs, to the base of the fish’s tongue, essentially replacing the tongue. The isopod stays there for the rest of its life, feeding on blood, mucus, and stray pieces of food from the fish. What type of relationship? a) Mutualism b) Commensalism c) Parasitism d) Neutralism e) Competition 2) Which of the following would be a secondary consumer? a) A maple tree that stores energy harnessed from the sun in the form of sugars through a process called photosynthesis b) People who are keen to eat bear, which eats small mammals that live off berries and seeds c) A western diamondback rattlesnake that preys on field mice that eat seeds and berries d) A black-tailed deer that browses on grasses and shrubs e) Earthworms, bacteria and fungi that decompose plant matter on the forest floor to replenish the soil 3) Unlike autotrophs, heterotrophs must a) Make food by using the energy in sunlight b) Make their own food by using the energy in inorganic compounds. c) Get energy from eating food, such as other organisms or their remains. d) d. Use energy to survive.

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