devmgmt.msc - allows you to view and edit the properties of installed hardware. You can change hardware configuration settings, update drivers, or remove/disable devices., diskmgmt.msc - onsole related to initializing, partitioning, and formatting disk drives., dfrgui.exe - runs various operations to speed up the performance of HDDs and SSDs., TRIMM(SSD) - a process by which the controller identifies data that the OS has marked as deletable and can then tag corresponding blocks as writable., cleanmgr.exe - tool tracks files that can be safely erased to reclaim disk space. These files include ones deleted but still available in the Recycle Bin and various temporary files and caches., taskschd.msc - Enables execution of an action (such as running a program or a script) automatically at a pre-set time or in response to some sort of trigger., lusrmgr.msc - Console for creating and managing user and group accounts with the authentication and permissions scope of the local system., certmgr.msc - Console related to managing dmanages certificates for the current user. There is also a computer certificate store, which can be managed via certlm.msc.igital certificates for the current user and trusted root certification authority certificates., gpedit.msc - Console related to configuring detailed user and system registry settings via policies; On a network with hundreds or thousands of computers, this policy is a much more efficient way of imposing policy settings than manually configuring each machine., secpol.msc - can be used to modify security settings specifically., regedit.exe - Tool for making direct edits to the registry database, such as adding or modifying keys or values. The Registry Editor can be used to make backups of the registry., registry key - In the Windows registry, a key is analogous to a folder on the file system. Keys are used to group like settings together in a hierarchy that is logical to navigate., Hives - The registry database is stored in binary files; File storing configuration data corresponding to a section of the Windows registry., msinfo32.exe - Utility that provides a report of the PC's hardware and software configuration., eventvwr.msc - Windows console related to viewing and exporting events in the Windows logging file format; Contains the System log, Application log, Security log, and Setup log; Severity levels: Audit Success/Failure, Information, Warning, Error, and up to Critical , taskmgr.exe - Windows utility used to monitor and manage process execution, resource utilization, user sessions, startup settings, and service configuration, Users Tab(Task manager) - lets you see the people who are logged on (and allows you to send them a message or sign them out), the information about the processes they are running, and the resource utilization associated with their account., Services Tab(Task manager) - monitors the state of all registered background processes. A service is a Windows process that does not require any sort of user interaction and therefore runs in the background (without a window)., resmon.exe - Console for live monitoring of resource utilization data for the CPU and GPU, system memory, disk/file system, and network; Continually rising numbers of either of these can indicate a problem., perfmon.msc - Console for reporting and recording resource utilization via counter data for object instances; you can create log files, referred to as Data Collector Sets, to record information for viewing later, Counter Logs - allow you to collect statistics about resources, such as memory, disk, and processor. These can be used to determine system health and performance., Trace Logs - can collect statistics about services, providing you with detailed reports about resource behavior. In essence, these provide extensions to the Event Viewer, logging data that would otherwise be inaccessible., msconfig.exe - is used to modify various settings and files that affect the way the computer boots and loads Windows., General Tab(msconfig setup) - allows you to configure the startup mode, choosing between Normal , Diagnostic , and a Selective startup, where each portion of the boot sequence can be selected., Boot Tab(msconfig setup) - Boot Configuration Data (BCD) : Information about operating systems installed on the computer located in \boot\bcd on the system partition. The BCD can be modified using the bcedit command-line tool or msconfig. , chkdsk c: /f - attempts to fix file system errors., chkdsk c: /r - fixes file system errors and attempts recovery of bad sectors. You are prompted to save any recoverable data, which is copied to the root directory as filennnn.chk files., chkdsk x:  - (where X is the drive letter but no switch is used) runs the tool in read-only mode. The scan will report whether errors need to be repaired. ALWAYS do this one first-- it takes a long time to run the others. , shutdown /s - Close all open programs and services before powering off the, shutdown /t nn - ommand can be used to specify delay in seconds before shutdown starts,

Lesson 11

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