asexual reproduction, one parent creating an identical offspring, mitosis, the process of replicating DNA and dividing a cell to create two daughter cells that are identical to each other and to the original parent cell, body cell, a cell with 46 chromosomes in humans, sexual reproduction, creating an unique offspring by combining the genes of 2 parents, sperm, male reproductive cell; contains 23 chromosomes, egg, female reproductive cell; contains 23 chromosomes, sex cell, a cell with 23 chromosomes in humans (sperm or egg), offspring, the product of reproduction, fertilization, the act of a sperm and an egg joining to become a zygote, meiosis, the process of creating sex cells, heredity, how traits are passed down from parent to offspring, mutation, a change in the DNA code, dominant trait, a trait that overpowers another; symbolized by a capital letter, recessive trait, a trait that will not show unless there are two of them; symbolized by a lower case letter, genotype, the combination of alleles from the sperm and egg; "the letters", phenotype, the physical appearance, Punnett square, the method used to predict the percentages for certain outcomes based on genetics of the parents, allele, a version of a gene (dominant or recessive), homozygous, a genotype with two of the same alleles (AA or aa), heterozygous, a genotype with two different alleles (Aa), genetic engineering, changing an organism's genes by artificial means, pedigree chart, a diagram that shows the phenotypes of a particular gene from one generation to the next, selective breeding, mating two organisms of the same species to create an offspring with favorable traits, adaptation, the characteristic or ability of an organism to survive in its environment, evolution, a change in a species over time, fossil, preserved remains of an organism, natural selection, "survival of the fittest"; those best adapted to their environment will survive to pass on their traits, variation, differences caused by genetics, embryology, study of developing organisms as evidence of evolution, homologous , organisms with similar body structures.

Heredity & Evolution

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