Variation - The differences between individuals of the same species, Discontinuous variation - The differences between individuals that are the result of genes and allows them to be put into definite categories, Continuous variation - Differences between individuals resulting from genes and the environment, the characteristic can have any value in a range, Phenotype - The observable characteristics of an organism, Genotype - The full set of genes possessed by an organism, Mutation - A change in the base sequence in a gene or change in a chromosome, Adaptive features - An inherited functional feature that increases an organisms fitness , Fitness - The probability that an organism will survive and reproduce in the environment in which it is found, Natural selection - In the struggle for existence only the fittest organisms in the population will survive, reproduce and pass the genes for adaptive features on to their offspring, Artificial selection - Process in which humans select infividuals with desirable characteristics and breed them together,

IGCSE Variation

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