1) What do pointer type variables provide in programming? a) Range of values consisting of memory addresses and a special value, nil b) Ways to manage static memory c) Direct addressing only d) Methods to access stored values easily 2) Which fundamental operations are associated with pointers? a) Addition and subtraction b) Multiplication and division c) Assignment and dereferencing d) Comparison and sorting 3) What is the main issue associated with dangling pointers? a) Pointing to invalid memory locations b) Accessing heap-dynamic variables c) Creating new pointers d) Improving program efficiency 4) What is the main difference between records and arrays? a) Arrays have nested elements, records have flat elements b) Records have dynamic subscripts, arrays have static subscripts c) Records are mutable, arrays are immutable d) Arrays are only used in Python, records are used in all programming languages 5) Why are reference types used in C++? a) For loop iterations b) For printing values c) For dynamic memory management d) For static memory management 6) What is the purpose of pointer type variables? a) Provide power of direct addressing b) Manage static storage c) Control program flow d) Allow indirect memory access 7) How does dereferencing a null pointer impact a program? a) Improves program efficiency b) Enhances memory management c) Provides error messages d) Leads to unpredictable behavior

Programming Paradigms

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