1) What is the definition of primary postpartum hemorrhage? a) Blood loss > 500 ml within 24 hours after birth b) Blood loss > 1000 ml within 1 week after birth 2) How much blood loss defines severe PPH? a) More than 500 ml b) More than 1000 ml 3) Which is the most common cause of PPH? a) Uterine atony b) Retained placenta 4) What is the first step in managing PPH? a) Immediate surgery b) Uterine massage 5) Which uterotonic drug is usually given first? a) Ergometrine b) Oxytocin 6) The “4 T’s” mnemonic in PPH stands for Tone, Trauma, Tissue, and a) Thrombosis b) Temperature 7) Which position is recommended for a woman in active PPH during resuscitation? a) Sitting upright b) Supine with legs elevated 8) If medical management fails, which surgical option can be considered? a) B-Lynch suture b) Appendectomy 9) Which vital sign indicates severe blood loss? a) Tachycardia b) Bradycardia 10) Why is early recognition and management of PPH important? a) To prevent neonatal jaundice b) To reduce maternal morbidity and mortality

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