Mesopotamia - the area of southwest Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers--home to many EARLY civilizations, floodplain - flat land bordering a river, silt - fine, fertile soil deposited by a river, semiarid - having little rainfall and warm temperatures, drought - a period of little rainfall and warm temperatures, surplus - an amount produced that is more than what is needed, fertile - favorable soil for the growth of crops and other plants, irrigation - the watering of crops, civilization - a human society with an advanced level of develoment in social and political organization and in the arts and sciences, Sumer - an ancient region of southern Mesopotamia, in which civilization arose around the year 3,300 B.C., city-state - a political unit that includes a city and its nearby farmlands, ziggurat - an ancient Sumerian or Babylonian temple that rose in a series of step-like levels, polytheism - a religious belief in many gods or goddesses, king - the highest-ranking leader of a group of people, bronze - a metal that is a mixture of copper and tin, pictograph - a picture or drawing that represents a word or idea in an early system of writing, stylus - a sharpened reed used to press markings into clay tablets, cuneiform - an ancient writing system developed by the sumerians, made up of wedge-shaped markings, scribe - a persons who specializes in writing and serves as a record keeper, slavery - a system in which people are the property of others, forced to provide work against their will, erosion - the wearing away of the Earth's surface or the top layer of soil, empire - a group of territories and peoples brought together under one supreme ruler, emperor - the ruler of an empire, Fertile Crescent - an area of rich soil in the Middle East, stretching from the Mediterranean Sea through Mesopotamia to the Persian Gulf, Hammurabi - the ruler of the Babylonian empire from 1792 B.B. to 1750 B.C., who expanded the empire, Code of Law - a set of written rules for people to obey, justice - fair treatment of people, in keeping with the law, exile - a forced removal from one's homeland, tribute - a payment of money or goods by one ruler to another in order to ensure protection, Hanging Gardens of Babylon - an artifical mountain covered with trees and plants, built by Nebuchadnezzar II for his wife. The gardens are one of the Seven Wonders of the World,

Mesopotamia

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