Hasty Generalisation - Making assumptions about a whole group or range of cases based on a sample that is inadequate (usually because it is atypical or just too small), drawing conclusions from too little evidence, Post hoc (false cause) - Assuming that because B comes after A, A caused B. Just because two events chronologically follow each other, does not necessarily mean that a cause and effect relationship exists., Slippery Slope (Bad Precedent) - Assuming that a proposed step will set off an uncontrollable chain of undesirable events., Weak Analogy - If the two things that are being compared aren’t really alike in the relevant respects, the analogy is a weak one, Red Herring - Raising a side issue that distracts the audience from what’s really at stake, False Dichotomy - Setting up the situation so it looks like there are only two choices. It is a false dilemma that presents a “black and white” kind of thinking when there are actually many shades of grey., Straw Man - Distorting, misrepresenting or exaggerating someone’s position so it’s easier to refute., Common Sense Fallacy - An argument is held to be true because of practical truths and common sense., Argumentum Ad Hominem - Criticizing the person who’s making an argument, rather than the argument itself, Argumentum ad Ignoratiam - An argument is true because no evidence disproves its validity, Appeal to Fear - E.g. presents a scary future if a certain decision is made today., Authority of Tradition - Justify an idea based on tradition., Bandwagon - Supporting a claim by stating that “everyone” believes or acts a particular way, Gambler’s fallacy - The error of thinking that a random event can be influenced by past random events,

Logical fallacies

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