Civilization - an advanced human society that practices agriculture (farming), has a government, and social structure. It also has: religion, achievements in math, science, engineering, art, technology, and writing., Government - an organized system that groups use to make laws and decisions., City-State - a small independent state consisting of an urban area and the surrounding farmland., Hierarchy - how people are organized in a society. There is often a hierarchy (rich, middle class, poor) which forms layers - the most powerful on top, the less powerful towards the bottom., Hammurabi’s Code - a collection of 282 laws which were enforced under Hammurabi’s rule. One of the first examples of written law in the ancient civilizations., Mesopotamia - First and oldest civilization. It means “land between two rivers”, Cuneiform - a system of writing developed by the Sumerians around 3,000 BC, using a wedge shaped stylus and clay tablets., Fertile Crescent - an arc (crescent shaped) of rich farmland in Southwest Asia, between the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea., Cradle of Civilization - Another name for Mesopotamia. It was called this bec, Monotheism - belief in one god, Polytheism - belief in many gods, Ziggurat - stepped pyramid shaped temples built by Sumerians to honor the gods and goddesses., Fertile - soil and land that is rich in nutrients, perfect for growing plants and crops., Hammurabi - king who created the first WRITTEN law code in history,

Mesopotamia

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