cd  - Changes the current directory, chmod  - Changes file/directory permissions, chown  - Changes the file owner and group, cp  - Copies files, ls  - Displays the contents of a directory, mkdir  - Creates a directory, mv  - Renames a file and/or moves the file from one directory to another, rm  - Deletes files (or directories with files with -r option), pwd  - Displays the current directory, cat  - Displays the contents of a file, df  - Displays the total disk free space for a directory, cron - Task scheduling command, find  - Searches for text in the Linux file hierarchy, grep  - Searches for character strings or regular expressions in a text file, nano  - More user-friendly text-based editor for files, apt (apt-get) - Debian package manager. Application repository for .deb, yum  - Red Hat package manager. Application repository for .rpm, shutdown  - Shuts down Linux, vi - Starts the visual file editor. A modal file editor., man  - System help for shell commands, passwd - Changes the password, su  - Starts a new shell as another user, sudo  - Runs a command as another user (usually the root user), dig - DNS query utility, ip  - Display and configure NIC information, q - Used to quit most interactive utilities like the vi editor, ps  - Displays a list of currently running processes, kill - Terminates a process, top  - Displays running processes, similar to Windows Task Manager, ifconfig - legacy net-tools package to display NIC information,

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