What is C programming language?, C is a general-purpose programming language used to develop software, Who developed the C language?, Dennis Ritchie developed C., In which year was C developed?, C was developed in 1972., Why is C called a middle-level language?, because it supports both low-level and high-level programming features., Where is C language commonly used?, It is used in system software, embedded systems, and application programs., What are the main features of C language?, Simple, fast, portable, and structured., Is C a case-sensitive language?, Yes, C is case-sensitive., What is a program?, What is a program?, What is the difference between compiler and interpreter?, A compiler translates the whole program at once, while an interpreter translates line by line., What are the basic sections of a C program?, Documentation, link section, definition section, global declaration, main function, and user-defined functions., What is the use of #include <stdio.h>?, It includes standard input-output functions., What is a header file?, A file that contains declarations of library functions., What is the main() function?, It is the starting point of program execution., Why is semicolon used in C?, It marks the end of a statement., What is a comment in C?, A comment explains the program and is ignored by the compiler., What are the types of comments in C?, What are the types of comments in C?, What is the use of return statement?, It sends a value back from a function., Can we write a program without main()?, No, every C program must have a main() function., What happens if semicolon is missing?, A compilation error occurs., What is compilation?, The process of converting source code into machine code., What are compile-time errors?, Errors detected by the compiler., What are run-time errors?, Errors that occur during program execution., What is an executable file?, A file that contains machine code and can be run., What is a character set in C?, A set of valid characters used in C programs., What are keywords?, Reserved words with predefined meaning., Can keywords be used as variable names in C?, No., How many keywords are there in C?, 32 keywords., Give examples of any three C keywords., int, if, return., What is a data type?, It specifies the type of data a variable can store., Name the basic data types in C., int, float, char, double., What is the size of int data type?, Usually 4 bytes., What is the difference between int and float?, int stores whole numbers; float stores decimal numbers., What is a character data type?, char data type stores a single character., What is a variable?, A variable is a memory location to store data., What is a constant?, A value that does not change., What is the difference between variable and constant?, Variable value can change; constant value cannot change., What is type casting?, Converting one data type into another., What is a library function?, A predefined function provided by C., Which header file is used for printf() and scanf()?, stdio.h, What is the use of printf()?, It displays output on the screen., What is the use of scanf()?, It reads input from the user., Name any two library functions., printf(), strlen()., What are control statements?, Statements that control the flow of execution., What are branching statements?, Statements that choose different paths., Name any two branching statements., if, switch., What is an if statement?, It executes a block of code if condition is true., What is if–else statement?, It executes one block if condition is true, else another block., What is a switch statement?, It selects one block from many options., Name any two looping statements., for, while., What is the use of for loop?, It is used when the number of iterations is known., What is the difference between while and do–while loop?, while checks condition first; do–while executes at least once., Why arrays are used in C?, To store multiple values using a single variable name., What is a single dimensional array?, An array with one index., How are array elements stored in memory?, In contiguous memory locations., What is the index of first element in an array?, 0, What is a format specifier?, A symbol used to specify the type of data in input and output., What is the use of & in scanf()?, It gives the address of a variable., What is an operator?, A symbol used to perform an operation., What is relational operator?, Operator used to compare two values., What is nested if?, if statement inside another if statement., When is switch statement used?, When multiple choices are available., What is break statement?, It exits from a loop or switch., What happens if break is not used in switch?, All cases execute (fall-through)., What is loop?, A loop repeats a block of code., Which loop is entry-controlled?, for and while loops., Which loop is exit-controlled?, do–while loop., What is infinite loop?, A loop that never ends., How do you declare a 1D array?, datatype arrayName[size];, Can array size be changed at runtime?, No, in basic C arrays., What is sizeof operator?, It returns size of a variable in bytes., What is the use of continue statement?, It skips the current iteration., What is ASCII?, A character encoding standard..

C programming - Module 1

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