Gestalt principles, Allow us to organise and group features of an image to perceive as a ‘whole’, complete form, Closure, The perceptual tendency to mentally fill in or ignore gaps in a visual image and to perceive objects as complete, Figure-ground, One object is the centre of focus, which stands out against all other information, Proximity, The tendency to perceive parts of a visual image which are positioned close together as belonging together in a group, Similarity, The tendency to perceive parts of a visual image that have similar features – such as size, shape, texture or colour, as belonging together, Depth cues, Sources of information from the environment (external) or within our body (internal) that help us perceive how far away objects are, Accommodation, Automatic adjustment of the shape of the lens to focus an object depending on how far away it is, Convergence, The brain detects and interprets depth/distance from changes in tension in the eye muscles that occurs when the two eyes turn inwards to focus on an object, Retinal disparity, Each retina receives a slightly different visual image from either eye to provide the brain with the information needed to judge depth, Height in the visual field, Objects closer to the horizon are perceived as being more distant than objects located further from the horizon, Texture gradient, Gradual reduction of detail that occurs as the picture recedes into the distance, Relative size, Tendency to perceive the object that produces the largest image on the retina as being closer, Interposition, One object partially blocks another and the blocked object is perceived as further away, Linear perspective, The apparent convergence of parallel lines as they recede into the distance, Perceptual set, The predisposition to perceive something in accordance with what we expect it to be, Past experience, Can predispose us to perceive things in a particular way due to what we have been previously exposed to, Motivation, Perception can be influenced by us seeing what we want to see, Context, We develop an expectation of what is likely to be viewed in a specific setting or environment, which can affect perception

Visual perception principles

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