Battle of Bosworth - Ended the Wars of the Roses, Landed gentry - Non-noble landowners who gained influence in local government, Enclosure - Fencing common lands for sheep farming; displaced peasants, Guilds - Controlled trades and prices; later replaced by merchants, Justices of the Peace (JPs) - Unpaid magistrates created by Edward III to enforce the law, Grammar schools - Trained clerks and lawyers; funded by nobles and clerics, Caxton’s printing press - Helped standardise English., Commons in Parliament - Knights and burgesses, Noblewomen - Managed estates and defended manors in husbands’ absence, Girls’ education - Limited to domestic skills,

Government and Society in the Late Middle Ages

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