ratio decidendi - The reason for deciding, persuasive precedent - A previous decision which may be followed, per incuriam - A decision made in error, overruling - A statement that a legal ruling in a past case is wrong, original precedent - A decision where there is no previous law to follow, obiter dicta - Everything else said that isn't directly relevant to a case, binding precedent - A previous decision which must be followed, Privy Council - The final appeal court for some Commonwealth countries, Practice Direction - Allows the SC to change its past decisions, stare decisis - To stand by what has already been decided, distinguishing - Avoiding the past case because the facts are different, ICLR - Created in 1865 to ensure the reliability of law reporting, Crown Court - The highest criminal court NOT to set precedent, Divisional Court - The lowest criminal court to set binding precedent, Young v Bristol Aeroplace - States the 3 situations when the CA Civ Div does not bind itself, Pepper v Hart - Where the CA overruled Davis v Johnson on the use of Hansard, Supreme Court - The Practice Direction applies to this court alone, Daniels v White - Bound by Donoghue v Stevenson, R v R (marital rape) - An example of an original precedent, R v Gotts - Used obiter dicta from Howe to create a new judgement,

AQA Law Paper 1: Judicial precedent

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