Aim - A statement outlining the purpose of the study, Hypothesis - A testable prediction about the outcome of an experiment, Independent Variable (IV) - The variable the experimenter manipulates , Dependent Variable (DV) - The variable that is being measured, Population - The group of interest to the study, from which the sample is drawn, Sample - A subset of the population, commonly referred to as the research participants, Control Group - A group that is used as a basis for comparison (participants are not exposed to the IV), Experimental Group - The group within an experiment exposed to experimental conditions (IV) , Experimental Design: Independent Groups - Participants are split into two or more groups; typically a control and an experimental group, Experimental Design: Repeated Measures - The same participants are in every condition of the experiment , Experimental Design: Matched Participants - Participants are paired on relevant characteristics with one of the pair allocated to the experimental group and the other to the control group, Sampling Procedure: Convenience Sampling - Recruiting the most readily available participants from the population, Sampling Procedure: Random Sampling - Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample, Sampling Procedure: Stratified Sampling - Dividing the population into groups based on characteristics relevant to the study called strat then selecting a sample from the strata in the same proportion that they occur in the population , Allocation of participants - The process of assigning participants to a condition (control or experimental), Confounding Variables - Variables other than the IV that had an effect on the DV, Extraneous Variables - Variable that the the potential to affect the DV, Counterbalancing - A method used in repeated-measures designs to reduce order effects, Placebo - An inactive medication or treatment, used to control for participant expectations, Single-blind Procedure - Where participants are unaware of which condition they have been allocated to, Double-blind Procedure - Where the participant and person conducting the experiment are unaware which condition participants have been allocated to, Standardised instructions and procedures - The consistent use of instructions and procedures for all participants, Reliability - how likely it is that the results are consistent and the same results would be obtained by another researcher, Validity - the extent to which the investigation measures what it intends to measure, Ethical Considerations  - Most important is the no harm principle; others include voluntary participation, informed consent, withdrawal rights, confidentiality, deception, and debriefing,

U3/4 Psych Research Methods End of Year Holiday Session

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