Shift in focus - Move from one place or thing to another, Dialogue - What the characters say out loud, Patterns or repetition - when words, phrases or ideas are repeated for effect, Focus - what the writer focuses on as the text develops, Pace - The feeling of speed in the writing: are ideas revealed slowly or quickly?, Withholding information - Clues and hints are given without revealing everything at once, Paragraph lengths - These vary like sentences, eg to highlight significant points or to provide a detailed account, Sentence structures - Varied types of sentences, eg simple, compound and complex, Order of events - This could be chronological or writers might choose to start at the end, in the middle, or with flashbacks/flash forwards, Foreshadowing - Hinting or warning about a future event, Zooming out - Moving from specific detail to a wider view, Contrast - An obvious difference between two parts of the story, Zooming in - Focusing in detail on a person or thing,

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