1) What is the primary difference between metabolism and digestion? a) Digestion comprises all chemical reactions in the body, while metabolism is only the breakdown of food. b) Metabolism comprises all chemical reactions in the body, while digestion is only the breakdown of food in the gastrointestinal tract. c) Digestion occurs in the liver, while metabolism occurs in the intestines. d) Metabolism refers only to energy production, while digestion refers only to nutrient absorption. 2) Bile salts are best described as being involved in: a) Protein denaturation b) Lipid emulsification c) Carbohydrate breakdown d) Vitamin absorption 3) Which of the following statements regarding bile is incorrect? a) Bile contains bile salts that emulsify fats. b) Bile contains enzymes for digestion. c) Bile contains cholesterol and bilirubin. d) Bile is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. 4) After consuming a meal high in fat, what is the most likely physiological response? a) Increased secretion of pepsin from the stomach b) Release of bile from the gallbladder into the duodenum to emulsify fats c) Enhanced secretion of intrinsic factor by the stomach d) Increased insulin release from the pancreas 5) What is the primary function of the hepatic portal circulation? a) To deliver oxygenated blood directly to the liver b) To transport bile salts from the liver to the gallbladder c) To collect absorbed nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract and deliver them to the liver for metabolic processing d) To circulate digestive enzymes throughout the body 6) Which statement best describes the composition of bile? a) Bile is rich in digestive enzymes that break down proteins and fats. b) Bile is composed primarily of bile salts, cholesterol, and bilirubin, but does not contain digestive enzymes. c) Bile is produced by the pancreas and stored in the liver. d) Bile is mainly composed of water and electrolytes with minimal active substances. 7) Which of the following enzymes is produced by the pancreas to aid in digestion? a) Lipase b) Amylase c) Proteases (e.g., trypsinogen) d) All of the above 8) What is the primary role of the gallbladder in digestion? a) Production of bile b) Storage and concentration of bile c) Detoxification of absorbed substances d) Secretion of digestive enzymes 9) Which organ is primarily responsible for the metabolic processing and detoxification of nutrients absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract? a) Pancreas b) Gallbladder c) Liver d) Small intestine 10) Which of the following best describes the role of pancreatic enzymes in digestion? a) They emulsify fats to enhance lipid absorption. b) They break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats into absorbable molecules. c) They neutralize stomach acid in the duodenum. d) They are stored in an inactive form in the gallbladder until needed.

Digestive system part 3

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