1) Sawgrass takes in light energy during photosynthesis. What happens to most of this energy?   a) It is stored as chemical energy. b) It disappears as it is used up by the plant. c) It is transferred to organisms that eat the grass. d) It is used to help the saw grass grow and reproduce. 2) Michael decides to bake bread one morning. He measures ingredients, mixes them other to make a dough, and cooks the dough in an oven. As the dough cooks, Michael observes the bread rising. Which of the following is evidence of the chemical change in Michael’s break-making process? a) Sugar dissolving in the liquid batter. b) The bread rising as carbon dioxide is released. c) Water in the dough being released as water vapor. d) The dry ingredients mixing with the wet ingredients. 3) Substances change states when they move between solid, liquid, and gas forms. When a substance changes from one state of matter to another, it has undergone a) A reduction in mass. b) An increase in mass. c) A chemical change. d) A physical change. 4) Barium sulfate, BaSO4, is a white crystalline solid that is insoluble in water. It is used by doctors to diagnose problems with the digestive system. How many oxygen atoms are present in one molecule of barium sulfate? a) 1 b) 3 c) 4 d) 0 5) Which statement best describes a galaxy? a) A cloud of gas that is the birthplace of stars b) A system of billions of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity c) A ball of plasma that experiences nuclear fusion in its core d) A mass of dust and ice that orbits a star in an elliptical pattern 6) Researchers are investigating processes that happen during digestion. Which answer choice describes only a physical change during digestion? a) Hydrochloric acid in the stomach breaks down proteins. b) Chewing in the mouth breaks food into small pieces. c) Enzymes in saliva start the digestion of starches before food is swallowed. d) Bacteria in the intestines convert dietary fiber into fats. 7) In the diagram, which color represents an electron?  a) black b) red c) blue 8) On a camping trip, Rachel and Samuel make s’mores. They break graham crackers in half, place chocolate bars on the crackers, and roast marshmallows over the fire. When they place the hot marshmallows onto the chocolate, the chocolate melts. Which of the following actions most directly represents a chemical change? a) Assembling the different ingredients to make the s’more b) Breaking the graham crackers into two pieces c) Roasting the marshmallows d) Melting the chocolate 9) Jose plans to use a microscope to observe a cell from a maple leaf and a snake’s skin.  Which of the following will Jose most likely see present in both cells? a) cell wall b) chloroplast c) nucleus d) tissue

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