1) Which statement best describes the Law of Superposition? a) Each sedimentary layer of rock represents 1,000 years of age, much like the rings of a tree b) In undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the upper rock layers are older than the lower rock layers c) In undisturbed layers of sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks d) Rocks that form near volcanoes are other than surrounding rock 2) Which of these is a behavioral adaptation? a) swallows building nests out of mud b) cactus plants having long spines c) insects looking like leaves to blend in with real leaves d) butterflies producing a foul-tasting chemical 3) Which of the following would be an adaptation for survival in a desert? a) an animal being active during the middle of the day b) a bird having dark feathers that absorb sunlight as heat c) a plant having a thick stem to store water d) a plant having large leaves to gather sunlight 4) Differences that exist naturally among members of a population or species are called ____________. a) Mutation b) Variation c) Law of Superposition d) Natural Selection 5)  Which of the following is most likely to cause the extinction of a species a) mutation b) changing food c) environmental changes d) genetic variation 6) The process of new species coming into existence from existing species is" a) evolution b) variation c) mutation d) speciation 7) Which statement supports the theory of evolution? a) All living things come from previous cells. b) All plants and animals have DNA. c) Matter cannot be created or destroyed during chemical reactions d) Fossils provide evidence that vertebrates share a common ancestor 8) Which would indicate that a series of fossils represent the evolution of the horse?  a) All of the fossils were found in the same layers of rocks as horse fossils b) All of the fossils are completely identical to horse bones. c) All of the fossils show similar structures to that of the modern horse d) All of the fossils were located in the same place on Earth as horses 9) Which of the following best describes an adaptation? a) a trait that helps an organism survive b) any change in a gene or a chromosome c) any trait of an organism d) a trait that is passed from a parent to its offspring 10) Woodpeckers use their long beaks to dig for and eat insects living in tree trunks. A new species of woodpecker with a very long beak evolves. Which statement best explains how the environment influenced the development of this new species? a) A harmful mutation occurred in the gene for beak length. b) Insects that live deep in tree trunks spread to trees in the woodpeckers’ territory c) The insect population increase, and birds that ate more insects grew longer beaks d) The long beak is an adaptation to help woodpeckers fight off predators.

Evolution & Adaptations

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