Q: What are types of immunodiffusion?, A: Ouchterlony double diffusion, Radial immunodiffusion (RID), Immunoelectrophoresis., Q: What does RID measure?, A: Antigen concentration (ring diameter proportional to concentration)., Q: What is a limitation of immunodiffusion?, A: Slow and less sensitive than ELISA., Q: What is fluorescence immunoassay (FIA)?, A: A method using fluorescent-labeled antibodies to detect antigens., Q: How does FIA work?, A: Fluorophore emits light under UV after binding to antigen., Q: What is Direct Immunofluorescence (DIF)?, A: Labeled primary antibody binds directly to antigen., Q: What is Indirect Immunofluorescence (IIF)?, A: Secondary labeled antibody binds to primary antibody for signal amplification., Q: Which is more sensitive, DIF or IIF?, A: IIF, Q: What is FISH?, A: DNA probes bind bacterial RNA for identification., Q: What is ELISA?, A: An enzyme-linked assay that produces a color change to detect antigens or antibodies..

Immunological Methods

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