1) 1) A(n) ________ fossil is formed when hardened tree sap is buried and preserved in sediment. Sometimes, small organisms (like insects) will be preserved inside the hardened sap. a) Trace b) Mold c) Amber 2) 2) When the bone or shell of an organism dissolves and leaves behind a depression in the rock, this is called a(n) ________ fossil. Sometimes, the space in that depression is filled in with sediments, creating a cast fossil in the shape of the organism. a) Trace b) Mold c) Amber 3) 3) ________ fossils do not contain the actual organism. Instead, they contain traces left behind by the organism, which can help scientists understand how it lived. Examples include animal tracks and burrows. a) Trace b) Preserved Remains c) Amber 4) 4) Sometimes, after a bone, wood fragment, or shell is buried in sediment, mineral-rich water moves through the sediment. This water deposits minerals into empty spaces and produces a fossil. This is called a(n) ________ fossil. Examples of this type of fossil include dinosaur bones and petrified wood. a) Mold b) Amber c) Mineral Replacement  5) 5) ________ fossils are very uncommon. These fossils preserve the soft tissue of the original organism. A mammoth frozen in a glacier would be an example of this type of fossil. a) Mold b) Mineral Replacement c) Preserved Remains 6) 6) Almost all fossils are preserved in ________ rock. The Jurassic Coast, which is home to many dinosaur fossils, contains many layers of this type of rock. a) Igneous b) Sedimentary c) Metamorphic 7) 7) The ________ are located in Los Angeles, California. This location has pools of asphalt that have trapped and preserved millions of fossils (including mammal fossils). a) Joggins Fossil Cliffs b) La Brea Tar Pits c) Hell Creek 8) 8) How old is the Earth? a) 4.6 thousand b) 4.6 million years c) 4.6 billion years 9) 9) Which list of events below are in the correct order? The events should be ordered from the EARLIEST event (#1) to LATEST/MOST RECENT event (#4). a) 1) First single-celled life, 2) Cambrian Explosion, 3) First dinosaurs, 4) First humans b) 1) First humans, 2) Cambrian Explosion, 3) First dinosaurs, 4) First single-celled life c) 1) First dinosaurs, 2) Cambrian Explosion, 3) First humans, 4) First single-celled life 10) 10) The very early Earth (known as the "Hadean Earth") was mostly ________. a) solid ice b) covered in water c) molten 11) 11) How did the Moon form during the early years of the Earth? a) The Earth's gravity captured an asteroid, which became the Moon. b) The Earth "stole" a Moon from Venus. c) A large collision tore off a chunk of the newborn Earth to form the Moon. 12) 12) According to "superposition", the ________ rock layers are on the top. a) youngest b) oldest c) densest

Fossils & Geologic Time Review

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