Gestalt principles - Allow us to organise and group features of an image to perceive as a ‘whole’, complete form, Closure - The perceptual tendency to mentally fill in or ignore gaps in a visual image and to perceive objects as complete, Figure-ground - One object is the centre of focus, which stands out against all other information, Proximity - The tendency to perceive parts of a visual image which are positioned close together as belonging together in a group, Similarity - The tendency to perceive parts of a visual image that have similar features – such as size, shape, texture or colour, as belonging together, Depth cues - Sources of information from the environment (external) or within our body (internal) that help us perceive how far away objects are, Accommodation - Automatic adjustment of the shape of the lens to focus an object depending on how far away it is, Convergence - The brain detects and interprets depth/distance from changes in tension in the eye muscles that occurs when the two eyes turn inwards to focus on an object, Retinal disparity - Each retina receives a slightly different visual image from either eye to provide the brain with the information needed to judge depth, Height in the visual field - Objects closer to the horizon are perceived as being more distant than objects located further from the horizon, Texture gradient - Gradual reduction of detail that occurs as the picture recedes into the distance, Relative size - Tendency to perceive the object that produces the largest image on the retina as being closer, Interposition - One object partially blocks another and the blocked object is perceived as further away, Linear perspective - The apparent convergence of parallel lines as they recede into the distance, Perceptual set - The predisposition to perceive something in accordance with what we expect it to be, Past experience - Can predispose us to perceive things in a particular way due to what we have been previously exposed to, Motivation - Perception can be influenced by us seeing what we want to see, Context - We develop an expectation of what is likely to be viewed in a specific setting or environment, which can affect perception,

Visual perception principles

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