MP1 - Use task, not text the unit of analysis - Tasks are relevant, dynamic and engaging, MP2 - Promote learning by doing - Implicit and incidental learning occurs, MP3 - Elaborate input - Simplified texts are too poor. Authentic texts can be too difficult, MP4 - Provide rich input - Learners need lots of exposure to master language content, MP5 - Encourage inductive “chunk” learning - Real samples of language use, MP6 - Focus on form - Focus on meaning can be improved by this, MP7 - Provide negative feedback - Recasts, MP8 - Respect learner syllabi and developmental processes - Various developmental sequences and stages that learners go through, MP9 - Promote cooperative collaborative learning - Interaction leads to higher language gains, MP 10 - Individualize instruction - Learning aptitude and short-term memory differ,

Methodological Principles

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