1) A nurse is assessing infants in the NICU for fluid balance status. Which nursing action would the nurse depend on as the most reliable indicator of a patient's fluid balance status? a) Recording intake and output b) Testing skin turgor c) Reviewing the complete blood count d) Measuring weight daily 2) A nurse carefully assesses the acid-base balance of a patient whose carbonic acid (HCO3) level is decreased. This is most likely a patient with damage to the: a) Kidneys b) Lungs c) Adrenal Glands d) Blood Vessels 3) Which of the following electrolyte imbalance occurs due to a sodium deficit in ECF caused by a loss of sodium or gain of water? a) Hyponatremia b) Hypernatremia c) Hypokalemia d) Hyperkalemia 4) Sensible Fluid Loss is Described as a) Occurs when the body fluids shift from intravascular space into transcellular compartment and traps fluid. b) Fluid that cannot be measured. Examples include respiratory secretions and evaporation from the skin (sweat) c) Fluid within cells, accounts for 70% of fluid, major electrolytes include potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium d) Fluids that can be measured. Examples include urine, loose stools, and drainage from woundsFluids that can be measured. Examples include urine, loose stools, and drainage from wounds 5) Insensible Fluid Loss is Described as a) Fluid that cannot be measured. Examples include respiratory secretions and evaporation from the skin (sweat) b) Fluid within cells, accounts for 70% of fluid, major electrolytes include potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium c) Occurs when the body fluids shift from intravascular space into transcellular compartment and traps fluid. d) The amount of water from breakdown of foods 6) Body's primary buffer system a) Bicarbonate b) Hypothalamus c) Potassium d) Sodium 7) Controls and regulates volume of body fluids a) Potassium b) Calcium c) Sodium d) Magnesium 8) Chief regulator of cellular enzyme activity and water content a) Sodium b) Chloride c) Magnesium d) Potassium 9) Nerve impulse, blood clotting, muscle contraction, B12 absorption a) Potassium b) Chloride c) Calcium d) Sodium 10) Metabolism of carbohydrates and proteins, vital actions involving enzymes a) Magnesium b) Calcium c) Chloride d) Phosphate 11) Maintains osmotic pressure in blood, produces hydrochloric acid a) Calcium b) Magnesium c) Phosphate d) Chloride 12) Involved in important chemical reactions in the body, cell division, and hereditary traits a) Phosphate b) Potassium c) Sodium d) Magnesium

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