independent variable - the variable altered by the experimenter, dependent variable - the variable that is measured by the experimenter, control variable - the variable that it kept the same by the experimenter, control group - present exactly the same characteristics of the experimental group, except for the independent variable applied., positive control group - experimental group performed to obtain the known outcome for an experiment, negative control group - test that does not result in the desired outcome for an experiment, hypothesis - if (IV) then (DV)...., units - must be given for all quantitative variables, quantitative - numerical e.g. temperature, qualitative - non-numerical e.g. colour, catergoric - the data can be plotted as a bar chart, quantitative data - this data can be plotted as a line graph, validity - the extent to which the data you collect actually measures what you intended (are all extraneous variables controlled?), reliability - the degree to which repeated values under identical conditions will yield the same results, accuracy - How close is the data to the true / expected values, precision - How close the repeats for each IV value are together (range), systematic error - cause readings to differ from the true value by a consistent amount each time a measurement is made, random error - unpredictable variations in the measurement process and result in a spread of readings,

Experimental design key terms

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