1) An elevated HCT is a) Severe dehydration b) fluid overload c) 45% d) Hypokalemia e) 95 mEq/L 2) Normal BUN a) 40%-54% in Men b) 0.7-1.3 mg/dL c) 8-22mg/dL d) 1.005-1.030 e) 135-145 3) Potassium and Magnesium are a) Primary Anions b) Extracellular c) Isotonic d) Interstitial e) Primary Cations 4) Primary Anions are a) Phosphate and Sulfate b) magnesium and sodium c) calcium and chloride d) Sodium and potassium e) Extracellular 5) Extracellular is subdivided into 3 compartments a) Isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic b) Intravascular, interstitial, Transcellular c) osmosis, diffusion, osmolality d) ADH, RAAS, ANP e) Cations, Anions, Electrolytes 6) Sodium normal Values are a) 1.8-3.2 mg/dL b) 9-11 mg/dL c) 95-105 mEq/L d) 135-145 mEq/L e) 2.5-4.5 mg/dL 7) Anorexia, Lethargy, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, confusion, muscle cramps, twitching, seizures a) Hyponatremia b) Hyperkalemia c) Isonatremic d) Hypernatremia e) Hypokalemia 8) Hypotonic dehydration is (Hyponatremic) a) Increased potassium in the blood b) increased sodium in the blood c) Too many electrolytes in the blood d) Bicarbonate present in both ICF and ECF e) Decreased sodium in the blood 9) Pregnancy, Kidney disease, heart disease, and Liver disease are all risk factors for a) Fluid volume deficit b) Hypernatremia c) Fluid volume Excess d) Hypokalemia e) Calcium level of 10 mg/dL 10) Stage of an infection when symptoms are present but non- specific a) Incubation Stage b) Convalescent Stage c) Illness stage d) Acute Stage e) Prodromal Stage 11) Our bodies first natural defense a) High acidity in the body b) Intact skin and mucus membranes c) Hand hygeine d) Proper PPE e) Immunizations 12) Normal WBC a) 1,000-4,000 per mm3 b) 5,000-15,000 per mm3 c) 8,000-15,000 per mm3 d) 4,500-10,000 per mm3 e) 10,000-100,000 per mm3 13) A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? a) Infuse hypotonic IV fluids b) Implement a fluid restriction c) Increase Sodium intake d) Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate 14) A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has hypocalcemia. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a risk factor for the development of this electrolyte imbalance?  a) Crohn's disease b) Postoperative following appendectomy c) History of bone cancer d) Hyperthyroidism 15) A nurse receives a laboratory report for a client indicating a potassium level of 5.2 mEq/L. When notifying the provider, the nurse should expect which of the following actions? a) Starting an IV infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride b) consulting with a dietician to increase intake of potassium c) Initiating continuous cardiac monitoring d) preparing the patient for gastric lavage 16) A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypercalcemia as a result of long term use of glucocorticoids. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a) Hyperreflexia b) Confusion, Bone pain, nausea, vomiting c) Positive Chvostek's sign d) constipation e) insomnia 17) A nurse is providing education for a client who has severe hypomagnesemia and is prescribed oral magnesium sulfate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a) "Avoid green, leafy vegetables while taking this medication." b) "You should receive a prescription for a thiazide diuretic to take with the magnesium." c) "You should eliminate whole grains from your diet until your magnesium level increases." d) "Report diarrhea while taking this medication." 18) By the second postoperative day, a client has not achieved satisfactory pain relief. Based on this evaluation, which of the following actions should the nurse take, according to the nursing process? a) Reassess the client to determine the reasons for inadequate pain relief b) Wait to see whether the pain lessens during the next 24hr c) Change the plan of care to provide different pain relief interventions. d) Teach the client about the plan of care for managing the pain. 19) A charge nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse care for a client who reports pain. The nurse checked clients MAR and noted the last dose of pain medication was 6hr ago. The rx reads every 4hr PRN for pain. The nurse administered the medication and checked with the client 40 min. later, when the client reported improvement. The newly licensed nurse left out which of the following steps of the nursing process? a) Assessment b) Planning c) Intervention d) Evaluation 20) A change nurse is reviewing the steps of the nursing process with a group of nurses. Which of the following data should the charge nurse identify as objective data? a) Respiratory rate is 22/min with even, unlabored respirations b) The client's Partner states " They said they hurt after waling about 10 minutes." c) The clients pain rating is 3 on a scale of 0 to 10 d) The clients skin is pink, warm, and dry e) A and D f) All of the above 21) A nurse is discussing the nursing process with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse should the nurse identify as appropriate for the planning step of the nursing process? a) " I will determine the most important client problems that we should address." b) I will review the past medical history on the clients record to get more information." c) " I will carry out the new prescriptions from the provider." d) " I will ask the client if their nausea has resolved." 22) A nurse is per performing an admission assessment on a client who as hypovolemia due to vomiting and diarrhea. The nurse should expect which of the following findings? a) Distended neck veins b) Hyperthermia c) Tachycardia d) Syncope e) Decreased skin turger f) C, D, E 23) A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results for a nurse client who has an elevated temperature. The nurse should identify which of the following findings is a manifestation of dehydration? a) HCT 55% b) Blood osmolarity 260 mOsm/kg c) Blood sodium 150 mEq/L d) Urine specific gravity 1.035 e) Blood Creatinine 0.5 mg/dL f) A, C, D

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