Absorption - When a wave is absorbed by an object, Reflection - When a wave bounces off an object, Refraction - When a wave changes direction as it enters a different medium – due to a change in speed, Spectrum - Formed when light splits into its different colours, Light - A wave that is visible to the eye, it doesn’t require particles to travel, Sound - A wave that requires the vibration of particles to travel, Longitudinal - Type of wave in which the particles move back and forth in the same direction of movement to the wave, e.g. sound, Transverse - Type of wave in which the particles move perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction of movement of the wave, e.g. light, Amplitude - The height of the wave – affects the volume of a sound wave, Frequency - The number of waves passing a point every second – affects the pitch of a sound wave, Wavelength - The distance from one point on a wave to the same point on the next wave, Pitch - How high or low a sound is, Decibel - The units of sound, pinna - outer part of the ear that catches sound waves, ear canal - where sound travels between the pinna and the ear drum, ossicles - These bones in the inner ear carry vibrations from the ear drum to the cochlea, ear drum - This vibrates when sound hits it. Converting sound energy into kinetic energy, cochlea - Fluid inside this part vibrates and transfers kinetic energy into electrical energy, auditory nerve - Electrical energy is carried by this from the inner ear to the brain, where the signals are processed, transparent - light can pass through completely, translucent - light can partially pass through, opaque - light cannot pass through at all, luminous - objects that give out their own light, incident ray - the incoming ray on ray diagrams, dispersion - when light is separated into the separate colours, iris - the coloured muscle in the eye that controls the size of the pupil, pupil - the hole in the front of the eye that lets in light, retina - the back of the eye where the light sensitive rod and cone cells can be found. These cells can convert light into an electrical signal, optic nerve - carries electrical signals from the retina to the brain, fovea - where cone cells are located at the back of the retina,

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