Gley soil, Form in waterlogged, anaerobic conditions, High rainfall, poor drainage, high water table, Reduction of minerals such as iron results in a mottled effect, with blue and grey colouring in the B horizon, Podzol soil, Overlying acid parent material such as sandstone, Leaching of iron and aluminium from the A horizon resulting in bleaching, Minerals accumulate in B horizon and form an iron pan, Peat soil, Absence of horizons except O horizon, Fuel in form of turf, Acidic pH and poor drainage, Brown earth soil, Overlying limestone or lime-rich parent materials, Uniform dark brown with no distinct horizons, Fertile with good drainage.

Soil classification

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