A Learner- centered approach: learning is totally determined by the learner and learners’ needs., Requires content and language teacher to collaborate, Focus on student learning and content is determined by the learner, Course design is a negotiated process; several factors influence on the course content, Course design is a dynamic process; needs and resources vary within time and by the learners’ decisions, It builds on the learners’ prior knowledge and skills, A Skill-centered approach: The approach helps to develop students’ particular language skills, for example reading or writing., Not enough time to master the target subject, Language use is accentuated more than targeted learner needs, Underlying any language are the skills and strategies used by learners to produce or understand discourse, The approach combines performance and competence when presenting its learning objectives., A Language- centered approach: Focus is on language in the syllabus., Surface level of learning, Static and inflexible, Doesn’t focus on learner needs, Logical and systematic, Analysis of target situation and the content of ESP courses are connected, Simple and straightforward,

Types of ESP course design [Activity]

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