1) Total Physical Response (TPR) a) Students hear dialogues then repeat them. b) Students focus on understanding before speaking. c) Students move round the classroom to carry out instructions. 2) Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) a) The teacher focuses on developing learners' cognitive skills. b) Students often do activities that focus on language accuracy. c) Language is used to communicate about school subjects. 3) Lexical Approach a) Grammar is less important than vocabulary. b) Each vocabulary item must be learnt by heart. c) Students need to become aware of chunks of vocabulary. 4) Presentation, Practice and Production (PPP) a) Teachers need to focus learners' attention on new target language. b) Students need opportunities to get language right before they experiment. c) Students always start learning a new piece of language by doing a task. 5) Grammar-Translation method a) Language must be analysed in order to learn it. b) Drills and pattern practice help us learn structures. c) Exercises help us understand rules. 6) Task-based Learning (TBL) a) Tasks must be done after students have practised target language. b) The teacher does not control the language that students use in tasks. c) Tasks aim to show students what language they need to learn.

TKT Practice task 15

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