1492 - Christopher Columbus reports to Europe about the "New World", 1519 - Ferdinand Magellan embarked on the first expedition to sail around the world, 9-11 - Vikings navigate and explore the norther Atlantic; Arabs voyaged to Africa, southeast Asia and India, 2000 B.C - Phoenicians were the first accomplished Western navigators, sailing the Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, Red Sea, Indian Ocean and the eastern Atlantic Ocean, 165,000 years ago - earliest known stone blades, shell harpoons and fishhooks, 110,000 years ago - Earliest known shell bead jewelry , Charles Wilkes - charted 2,400km of the coast of Antarctica, confirming it as a continent , James Cook - an English sea captain, took 3 great voyages, Charles Darwin - sailed on the HMS Beagle for five years; explained the formation of distinctive rings of coral reefs called "atolls", Edward Forbes - recognized that sea-floor life varies at different depths , HMS Challenger  - sailed 3 and a half years around the world; brought back more information about the ocean than had ever been recorded in human history, Aristotle - A Greek philosopher; considered to be the first marine biologist; discovered that gills are the breathing apparatus of fish,

History of Marine Science Intro

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