Input-based or output-based techniques can classify as ____. Input-based techniques involve teachers' use of reading or listening materials, and the teachers increase the materials' ____ to raise the noticeability of the input. This can be done through ____ and input enhancement techniques. Input flood technique is ____ in nature as the teacher provides ample exposure to the target form in a meaningful context. Meanwhile, input enhancement makes certain forms perceptually enhanced by using ____ for textual enhancement and adding stress or repeating the target form in ____. Conversely, output-based techniques use the ____ to draw their attention to the target forms. Output serves three impotant functions including noticing, ____, and metalinguistic or reflective functions (Swain, 1985). For the first function, when learners interact with their intelocutors, they become aware of ____ in their interlanguage. The second function indicates that output provide learners to ____ with their hypotheses based on feedback from their interlocutors' reactions. By doing this, learners can modify their output, indicating repair or ____. Lastly, the third function states that output promotes learners' awareness of their own language by ____.

Review: Input-based and output-based techniques

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