1) At what age do children begin to receive more language input from text rather than speech? a) 3-5 years b) 6-7 years c) 8-10 years d) 11-12 years 2) Reading contributes to the development of which of the following aspects of oral language? a) Only phonological knowledge b) Only semantic knowledge c) Only pragmatic knowledge d) Phonological, semantic, and pragmatic knowledge 3) What is essential for children to be able to read effectively? a) Memorizing whole words b) Understanding letter-to-sound correspondence c) Knowing the alphabet song d) Watching educational videos 4) What is the "prereading stage"? a) A period of intense reading drills in early grades b) The time between second and third grade c) The phase after a child learns to read d) The period from birth to the beginning of formal education 5) During Stage 2 of reading development (typically ages 7–8), children focus on: a) Memorizing sight words only b) Developing writing skills c) Honing decoding skills and gaining confidence d) Learning grammar rules 6) What does "metalinguistic competence" refer to? a) The ability to speak multiple languages b) The ability to read silently c) The ability to think about and analyze language d) The ability to guess the meaning of words 7) Which of the following is an example of figurative language? a) A list of instructions b) A news report c) A literal description of a scene d) A metaphor 8) In a metaphor, the term that is being described is called the: a) Base b) Vehicle c) Target or topic d) Simile 9) According to Talbot (2010), women in conversation tend to use more: a) Interruptions b) Formal speech patterns c) Politeness strategies d) Aggressive tones 10) How do researchers assess language development in school-age children? a) Only through standardized testing b) Through random conversation c) Using multiple methods like evaluations, naturalistic samples, and elicitation d) By observing their behavior in class

Chapter 8

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