1) What point does the author of the passage make about education in the first paragraph? a) Efforts to ensure that a wider range of students are able to attend elite universities have not always been successful. b) Although efforts at instituting meritocracy were unsuccessful at first, great progress has been made recently. c) Efforts to make education more open to a wide variety of people have been more effective than efforts to open up companies. d) Bringing the ideal of meritocracy to universities cannot be done unless it first comes to ordinary schools. 2) What is one possible reason for people’s behavior in the experiment introduced in the second paragraph? a) Belief in meritocracy can cause managers to evaluate male employees more harshly than they deserve. b) Meritocracies seem to cause significant declines in the job performance of both male and female employees. c) Trying to use financial rewards to encourage belief in meritocracy can have the completely opposite effect. d) People are less likely to be aware of their own prejudices when they believe the company is a meritocracy. 3) According to Daniel Markovits, one disadvantage of meritocracy is that a) wealthy people have found unfair ways to ensure that they continue to maintain their position without working hard. maintain their position without working hard. b) the methods that are usually used to evaluate workers are often unfair, especially to members of the upper class. c) it has created a sense of constant competition that can have negative effects on people’s mental health. on people’s mental health. on people’s mental health. d) the amount of resentment between members of different social classes has grown significantly because of it. 4) How have American views on meritocracy changed? a) More people have come to recognize that when people are poor, it may not necessarily be their fault. b) It has caused people to change their views regarding how many immigrants should be allowed into the country. c) People are slowly beginning to lose their prejudices against members of other races and social classes.

Reading Exercise

Tlač
Vložiť

Rebríček

Vizuálny štýl

Možnosti

Prepnúť šablónu

Obnoviť automaticky uložené: ?