1) A territory with its own government and borders enjoying freedom from external control. a) state b) government c) nation 2) Inhabitants of the state. a) citizen b) people 3) Fixed portion of the surface of the earth a) government b) territory c) nation 4) The agency through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed, and carried out. a) nation b) government c) state 5) The supreme power of the state to command. a) sovereignty b) sovereign c) sovereignity 6) Community of people formed based on a combination of shared features such as language, history, ethnicity, culture, and/or territory. a) nation b) territory c) government 7) Created by God. a) divine right b) paternal theory 8) Growth of the family. a) paternal theory b) social contract c) force theory  9) Agreed by all for the common benefit. a) contract b) social contract c) social 10) Established through use of force. a) force theory b) theory of force c) force 11) Where laws are made, and policies and programs for the state are formulated. a) government b) Presidential c) parliamentary 12) Power directed to people a) domocracy b) monarchy c) presidential 13) Ruled by kings, queens, etc. Either absolute or limited. a) monarchy b) authoritative c) presidenial 14) Ruled by a few elites. a) aristocracy/oligarchy b) dictatorial c) authoritarian 15) Power rests on a single person and people do not enjoy freedom. a) democracy b) dictatorian c) presidential 16) Head of state and government is the president, the legislative and executive are independent, and the executive is directly accountable to people. a) presidential b) parliamentary c) monarchy 17) Head of government is the prime minister, executive is not independent from the legislative, and the executive is directly accountable to the Parliament. a) parliamentary b) presidential c) dicatarorial 18) Several families living together usually have a common interest or enemy. a) bands and tribes b) chiefdoms c) authority 19) A more refined form of bands and tribes. a) band tribes b) chiefdoms 20) The power to make binding decisions and issue commands. a) legistimacy b) authoritarian 21) A moral and ethical concept that bestows one who possesses power the right to exercise such power since such is perceived to be justified and power. a) legitimacy b) authoritarian 22) Reciprocity exists when there is an exchange of goods or labor between individuals in a community a) market inst b) nonmarket inst 23) Allows the free flow of goods between and among private individuals and firms with very limited participation from the government. a) market b) market inst c) non market inst 24) The economy relies on the central government. a) commant/socialist b) trade c) international trade 25) Economic institutions are not only confined to one specific territory or geographic location. a) local trade b) international trade 26) International actors who are largely or completely autonomous from the state. a) state b) nonstate 27) A financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates credit. a) bank b) corporations c) cooperative 28) A legal entity that is separate and distinct from its owners. a) cooperative b) corporations 29) These organizations of workers have come together to achieve common goals such as protecting the integrity of its trade, improving safety standards, achieving higher pay and benefits such as health care and retirement, increasing the number of employees, and better working conditions. a) cooperative b) trade labor union 30) The process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. a) education b) socialization 31) A process of learning the attitudes, values, and behaviors that are expected from an individual as a member of society. a) socialization b) social c) educ 32) The major means used by the state is to educate most of the population. a) formal b) nonformal 33) When young people interact with adults or with their parents, they are learning the culture of the group. a) informal b) nonformal 34) Pertains to the lifelong learning process of an individual, one’s acquisition of values, skills, and knowledge from his/her daily experiences in society. a) informal b) formal 35) The intended function of social policies, processes, or actions that are consciously and deliberately designed to be beneficial in its effect on society. a) manifest b) latent 36) A function that is not consciously intended, but that, nonetheless, has a beneficial effect on society. a) latent b) manifest 37) Nowadays, a diploma from a university or college is becoming a common requirement for a person to get into the paid labor sector. a) credentials b) credentialism 38) Many parents send their children to top-notch schools and universities to get the same top-notch status. a) bestuwal of status b) bestowal of status 39) The hierarchical structures and status in any society. a) social stratification b) social class 40) Major premises a) property,money,predtige b) prestige,property,power c) money,power,property 41) A status hierarchy in which individuals and groups are classified on the basis of esteem and prestige acquired mainly through economic success and accumulation of wealth. a) social class b) social stratification 42) Composed of the wealthiest members of society, who also wield the greatest political power. a) upper b) middle c) lower 43) Comprises the farm employees, unskilled and skilled artisans, service workers, lowly paid clerks and office workers, daily paid casuals and seasonal workers, the underemployed and indigent families, the mendicants, the rural and urban poor, and those engaged in the underground economy. a) middle b) lower 44) Refers to professionals, highly skilled workers, small industry owners, farm owners, entertainers, overseas contract workers, and small business entrepreneurs whose incomes provide a comfortable lifestyle. a) higher b) middle c) upper 45) Results from a society organized by hierarchies of class, race, and gender that unequally distribute access to resources and rights. a) social status b) social equality c) social inequality 46) Unequal access to opportunities. a) equality b) inequality c) equity 47) Custom tools that identify and address inequality. a) equity b) equality 48) Evenly distributed tools and assistance. a) equity b) equality c) justice 49) Fixing the system to offer equal access to both tools and opportunities. a) justice b) equity c) inequality 50) This theory posits that all events, including moral choices, are completely determined by previously existing causes. a) reductionism b) determinism c) holism 51) This view asserts that entities of a given kind are identical to, or are collections or combinations of, entities of another (often simpler or more basic) kind. a) reductionism b) holism 52) Gestalt psychology which looks at the human mind and behavior as a whole. a) holism b) detrminism 53) Participation of both the state and civil society maintains social and political order. a) governance b) government c) command 54) Failed to be welfare oriented a) command b) governance c) classic government 55) A policy that resulted in economic and political marginalization.command and control a) command and control b) classic government c) governance 56) A response to the old policy (Command and Control), aiming for sustainable societal development. a) participatory government b) classic hovernance 57) Handing over responsibilities from national to local governments or to a parastatal. a) decentralization b) state department c) state decentralization 58) Can be in the form of privatization or Local Government Units (LGUs). a) civil citizens b) civil society c) civil society decentralization 59) Dynamic management that learns from mistakes. a) adaptive management b) management 60) Partnership between agencies and other sectors of civil society. a) collaborative b) adaptive 61) developing collective action of a significant portion of members of a major social category a) social movements b) social media c) outrage 62) social movement that emerged as a reaction to the excesses of modernity and capitalism. a) environmental b) environmentalists c) environmentalism 63) Believes that humans and their societies are different from nature and should harmonize with their surroundings. a) ecocentric b) technocentric 64) About controlling and managing the environment separate from humans and their systems. a) technocentric b) technocentrism 65) social movement that addresses the situation of women in society. a) feminist b) feminism 66) Believe in moral equality of all humans and that any unequal treatment of woman denies this. a) marxist b) liberal c) radical 67) Believe that biological and sexual differences between men and women have been made the basis of women’s oppression., the word ‘radical’ means ‘of or relating to the root. a) social b) radical c) marxist 68) Argue that women are oppressed due to their relegation to the domestic sphere, therefore dependent forms of labor. a) liberal b) marxist c) cultural 69) Hold the belief that women, like nature, have been systematically oppressed by patriarchal development and systems of knowledge. a) social b) cultural c) marxist 70) Believe that a complex web of social relationships underlies the oppression of women a) social b) cultural

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