atom, the smallest unit of an element, proton, the subatomic particle with a positive charge located in the nucleus, neutron, the subatomic particle with no charge located in the nucleus, electron, the subatomic particle with a negative charge that orbits the nucleus, nucleus, the center of an atom , atomic number, the number of protons in an atom, atomic mass, the average number of protons and neutrons in an atom, chemical symbol, the abbreviation of an element on the periodic table, neutral, describes the charge of atom that has equal number of protons and electrons, isotope, a variation of an atom (different number of neutrons), ion, an atom that is charged (different number of electrons)), valence electrons, the electrons that are in the highest energy level, octet rule, atoms prefer to have 8 electrons in their outer shell to be stable, cation, an atom that has lost electrons and become positively charged, anion, an atom that has gained electrons and become negatively charged, ionization, the process of forming an ion.

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