1) A community of organisms and its interaction with the environment is known as what? a) a community b) a habitat c) a population d) an ecosystem 2) Organisms have certain requirements in order to survive in an ecosystem. What are these requirements? a) air, water, food, shelter b) heat, light, food, shelter c) rocks, soil, air, water d) soil, food, light, water 3) If water disappears in an ecosystem, there can be negative consequences. What is the most likely effect of water disappearing? a) Animals would compete with one another for food. b) Plants and animals would not be able to survive in the ecosystem. c) Plants would begin to eat animals. d) Plants would begin producing water. 4) A chart pairing different animals with the types of shelter in which they live is shown. Which pairs of animals most likely compete for shelter? a) horse and tiger; snail and squirrel b) lion and tiger; horse and porcupine c) lion and tiger; squirrel and porcupine d) horse and squirrel; snail and porcupine 5) A researcher documents the population changes in foxes over a five-year period and displays the data in a graph. What is a possible cause for the decrease in the fox population in Year 3?  a) The fox population began hunting a new species of mice in addition to its normal food sources. b) The plant population increased due to increased amounts of rainfall and abundant access to sunlight. c) A species of rabbit migrated to the area and increased the food supply. d) A drought occurred that caused the water supply to decrease greatly. 6) Ryan loved to watch the deer in the wooded area beside his house and became concerned when he began seeing fewer deer. Ryan's dad explained the reason for their disappearance. Which reason could Ryan's dad have given? a) There was no vegetation in the area for them to eat. b) There were no other animals left in the area. c) There were no predators left in the area. d) There were no decomposers left in the area. 7) North Atlantic Right Whales are slow swimmers that only feed on plankton. The population of plankton declines in warm water. How will global warming most likely affect North Atlantic Right Whales? a) The population of whales will decrease. b) The population of whales will increase. c) The whales will learn to swim fast in search of plankton. d) The whales will reproduce more offspring in warm water. 8) The graph shows the number of coyotes living in an area and the number of houses built in the same area over a 10-year period. How have humans moving to the area affected the coyote population?  a) Coyotes continued to be able to survive in the area even with the increase in humans. b) The number of coyotes increased when more houses were built in the area. c) Coyotes had to leave the area to be able to survive. d) The number of coyotes decreased to almost zero in the area. 9) Study the chart that shows rainfall and seed germination measurements in an area for four months. What conclusion can be drawn from the data in the chart? a) Seeds will not germinate if the proper amount of rainfall is unavailable. b) Different amounts of rainfall do not have any effect on seeds. c) Seasonal temperatures affect how well seeds germinate. d) Seeds will not germinate well in June because it is too hot. 10) What is one way a beaver dam can change a stream? a) It makes water move faster. b) It can block the water flow. c) It turns water into ice. d) It dries the stream completely. 11) Polar bears usually stand on floating ice when they hunt. How would warmer temperatures affect polar bears? a) There would be more ice. So, hunting would be easier. b) There would be less ice. So, hunting would be easier. c) There would be more ice. So, hunting would be harder. d) There would be less ice. So, hunting would be harder. 12) Snowy Owls live in the Arctic. They have special features that help them live well in the cold environment. What will likely happen to the snowy owls if it gets warmer in the Arctic, and the Arctic ice melts? a) The snowy owls will no longer be able to survive in the environment. b) The snowy owls will have more partners. c) The snowy owls will have more snow-covered places to look for food. d) The snowy owls will no longer be able to find water to drink. 13) Kudzu is a vine that was introduced to the United States from another country. It grows rapidly and covers the surrounding plants with its stems and leaves, blocking sunlight and causing the surrounding plants to dry up. What effect does the change in habitat have on other organisms? a) Birds get more space for nesting. b) It attracts more insects for pollination. c) It provides less oxygen to organisms. d) Grazing animals have difficulty finding their regular sources of food. 14) A flightless bird called the dodo bird once lived on islands in the Indian Ocean. A large amount of dodo birds lived on the islands because no animals on the islands ate them. When humans started living on the islands, they brought new animals and cut down most of the forests, removing foods eaten by the dodo birds. Within 80 years, the dodo birds were gone. Which 3 reasons could have caused all the dodo birds on the island to disappear? a) The dodo birds started living with the humans as pets. b) The dodo birds were unable to find enough food. c) The dodo birds were eaten by the new animals and humans that moved to the islands.  d) The dodo birds started eating the new animals on the islands. e) The dodo birds lost space they needed to build nests and reproduce. 15) The image shows a lionfish. Lionfish were introduced to the waters of the United States, and there are no animals that eat them. Lionfish feed on small fish and shrimp that are also food for other fish in the area. Lionfish grow larger and eat more food over time. How is an increase in the number of lionfish bad for human resources? a) An increase in lionfish will decrease the types of fish humans can catch for food. b) An increase in lionfish will make the water polluted. c) An increase in lionfish will change the temperature of the water. d) An increase in lionfish will decrease the plant life in the water. 16) The black lemur is a relative of monkeys and apes. The natural habitats of black lemurs are tropical rainforests. Tropical rainforests are being cut down and used for charcoal, firewood production, and agricultural activities. From which factor do black lemurs face the highest risk of becoming endangered? a) disease b) global warming c) habitat loss d) pollution 17) During a forest fire, all plant and tree populations are destroyed. This reduces the habitats for many birds and animals. What can be concluded about the impact of forest fires on the environment? a) Forest fires cause insect populations to increase. b) Forest fires cause animal populations to decrease due to hunger. c) Forest fires cause birds to migrate to southern countries each year. d) Forest fires cause animal and bird populations to increase. 18) Rainforests contain a wide range of plants that are used in medicine to help cure many diseases. Cutting down forests for farming and timber has led to the loss of many plants. How will the loss of many plants in the rainforest affect humans? a) It will increase the number of diseases. b) It will decrease the number of diseases. c) It will decrease the availability of natural medicines. d) It will increase the availability of natural medicines. 19) The image shows plants and animals living in a pond. Which change will likely cause all the plants and animals in the pond to die? a) Humans catch fish in the pond. b) New animals move to the pond. c) The pond dries up. d) The pond floods. 20) In the summer, mockingbirds eat mostly insects. During the winter, mockingbirds eat more fruits and berries than insects. How does the changing seasons affect what mockingbirds eat? a) When it is cold, less insects are available, so mockingbirds switch to eating fruits and berries. b) When it is cold, less fruits and berries are available, so mockingbirds switch to eating insects. c) When it is warm, the number of insects decreases, and mockingbirds stop eating fruits and berries. d) When it is warm, the amounts of fruits and berries increase, and mockingbirds stop eating insects. 21) Officials in a town with a large lake place limits on the number of fish people can catch and eat. Which sentence best describes a reason for the catch limit? a) Catch limits decrease the biodiversity in the lake, causing fish to move to other bodies of water. b) Catch limits help keep the biodiversity in the lake from decreasing so that fish will be available in the future. c) Catch limits allow animals that do not usually live in the area to move to the lake and take the living spaces of fish. d) Catch limits stop people from fishing in certain areas of the lake but increase the pollution in the water. 22) The number of white-tailed deer has increased because they do not have a large number of natural predators in a region. These deer are overgrazing the grass in the forest and feed on beets, pumpkins, and lettuces growing in nearby farms. What is the likely effect of the increased number of deer on humans? a) They can be a new source of food for humans. b) The deer are reducing the amount of food available to humans. c) They are reducing the forest cover that is required by humans. d) The deer can be pets for humans. 23) Sparrows eat insects like grasshoppers. These insects eat the leaves of crop plants that make food for humans. What will likely happen to plants if the number of sparrows decreases? a) The plants will make more food for humans. b) The plants will make less food for humans. c) The plants will grow taller and stronger. d) The plants will grow large leaves and flowers. 24) Bees make honey using sugary liquid in flowers called nectar. Both bees and humans eat honey. Which change in the ecosystem will decrease the amount of honey created? a) spraying chemicals on a field, killing all the insects in the area b) planting wildflowers around farmland c) removing bushes in a forest d) adding fertilizer to a garden, increasing the number of plants 25) Sea turtles nest and lay eggs on sandy beaches. An increase in Earth's temperature is causing the sand on beaches to become warmer. Eggs laid in warm sand will hatch only female baby turtles. What will happen to the number of sea turtles if the temperature of the sand continues to increase? a) The number of male and female sea turtles will increase. b) The number of male and female sea turtles will remain the same. c) The number of male sea turtles will increase, and the number of female sea turtles will decrease. d) The number of male sea turtles will decrease, and the number of female sea turtles will increase. 26) A large snowstorm kills all the food sources in an area except insects that dig deep underground. Four types of birds live in the area. Which type of bird has a beak that is best able to eat the underground insects and survive? a) Bird 1 b) Bird 2 c) Bird 3 d) Bird 4 27) Forest and grasslands provide clean water, plants used for medicine, and raw materials for human use. Biofuel is a type of fuel made using sugarcane and corn. Forests and grasslands are being cleared to make space to grow these crops as the need for fuel increases. What will a likely impact of clearing forests and grasslands for biofuel be on humans? a) It will decrease natural resources. b) It will decrease the cost of producing food. c) It will increase natural resources. d) It will increase the cost of fossil fuel. 28) Why do birds migrate to a different place during the year? a) to look for more food and warmer weather b) to build dams in rivers c) to learn how to fly d) to escape from trees

Organisms & the Environment Study Guide

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