Cross-sectional study is:, study of prevalence of a disease,  study of percentage of a disease,  study to collect data at one specific point in time of a whole activity of a sample or subject,  study to collect data a whole activity of a sample or subject, What is a research design?:, A way of conducting research that is not grounded in theory,  The choice between using qualitative or quantitative methods,  The style in which you present your research findings, e.g. a graph,  A framework for every stage of the collection and analysis of data, Naturalism has been defined as:, Viewing natural and social objects as belonging to the same realm,  Being true to the nature of the phenomenon under investigation,  Minimising the intrusion of artificial methods of data collection into the field,  All of the above, In an experimental design, the dependent variable is:, The one that is not manipulated and in which any changes are observed,  The one that is manipulated in order to observe any effects on the other,  A measure of the extent to which personal values affect research,  An ambiguous concept whose meaning depends on how it is defined, Cross cultural studies are an example of:, Case study design,  Comparative design,  Experimental design,  Longitudinal design, Which of the following requirements for a dissertation may depend on your institution?:, Whether an abstract should be included,  The format for referencing,  The word limit,  All of the above, Retrospective cohort study is:, historic cohort study, generally means to take a look back at events that already have taken place, study on history of a disease that you are raising to write your dissertation,  study on history of an author that you are raising to write your dissertation,  study on history of all samples that you are raising to write your dissertation, Case study is:, study on disease cases happening in a period of time,  study on disease cases happening in a region of a period of time,  study or dissertation on cases of a disease or something written by a person, group, which has been studied over time, study on disease cases happening in a group of people, Case control study is :, Study on two groups of samples that one is a group of disease cases and another is a group of control cases,  Study on two groups of samples that one is a group of ill samples and another is a group of healthy samples,  Study to control ill samples so as to collect data for dissertation,  Study on two groups of samples that ones using real medications and others using placebo, Study participant – not patients: In this Manual and during the survey we use the term. Study Participant (SP) to refer to people who participate in the study as they. Each section is described in three sub-sections:, Clinical procedures,  Diagnostic codes,  Diagnostic criteria,  All are corrects, What is the main advantage of producing a written research proposal?:, Helps with credibility.,  Informs all interested parties,  Helps keep people employed.,  Helps the institution., All of these may appear in a research proposal, but which one will ALWAYS appear?:, Research objective.,  Creative objective.,  Business objective.,  Marketing objective, Good research proposals will always:, Focus on addressing the research objectives,  Provide respondent names and addresses.,  Focus on the Harvard style., Consider all possible research that had previously been done on the topic., The proposal’s literature review is important because:, The tutor insists upon it.,  It looks authoritative,  It is expected by the university.,  It shows that you are knowledgeable about the literature that relates to your research topic, Which proposal section is intended to describe the purpose with a full statement of the research Question?:, Introduction,  Literature review.,  References.,  Proposed Method., Which ONE of these phrases is best avoided in a proposal?:, This research draws upon the work of………..,  I hope to…………,  This research seeks to………….,  The intention is to complete the study by………., Which ONE of these is best avoided in a proposal?:, Short, clear sentences.,  Accurate spelling and grammar.,  Careful use of correct gender terms.,  Jargon, What helps to agree timing, agree resource allocation and also draws boundaries?:, The final report.,  The proposal.,  The observation form.,  The questionnaire, How are research questions most often described?:, Arising within a laboratory setting,  Posed after important factors are identified,  May arise from our everyday life experiences,  Always answered if we follow a scientific method of inqui, What does a good research question usually pursue?:, A small part of a broad topic, A topic unrelated to any other topics,  The same thing as the null hypothesis,  A broad topic, Which of the following is a good way to find a research topic?:, Personal experience,  Getting an idea from your advisor,  Looking for the next step in the research process,  All of the above, How would you define the research process?:, The researcher's plan of action to be followed when carrying out research.,  A method of collecting research data.,  The stages or steps the researcher follows in carrying out a research project.,  The account of a study the researcher will write at the end of the study ready for publication, Questionnaire is a :, Research method,  Measurement technique,  Tool for data collection,  Data analysis technique, After you think of each research question, evaluate it by asking whether it is:, Logically related to the topic,  In question form,  Not answerable with a quick Google search,  Specific, not vague,  All are corrects, The steps for developing a research question, listed below, help you organize your thoughts:, Choose a topic (or consider the one assigned to you).,  Write a narrower/smaller topic that is related to the first.,  List some potential questions that could logically be asked in relation to the narrow topic.,  Choose and Change the question that you are most interested in.,  All are corrects, For developing a research question you know the order of the steps:, Imagining narrower topics about a larger one,,  Thinking of questions that stem from a narrow topic,  Focusing questions to eliminate their vagueness., All are corrects, What is the purpose of doing research?:, To identify problem,  To find the solution,  To identify problem and To find the solution,  None of these, What is research problem?:, Is an educational issue or concern that an investigator presents,  Justifies in a research study,  Opinions and attitudes,  Is an educational issue or concern that an investigator presents and justifies in a research study, Procedures for reviewing the literature involved in conducting a literature review:, Search for existing literature in your area of study;,  Review the literature selected;,  Develop a theoretical and a conceptual framework;,  Writing up the literature reviewed,  All are corrects, What do we do with research?:, Have it as interesting fact,  Use it to make decisions,  Use it to persuade influence others,  Use it to change behavior,  All are corrects, What types of materials are needed?:, Books, Magazine articles,  Newspaper articles, Scholarly journal articles and web site,  Other materials, such as statistics, government publications,  All are corrects, Finally, review your new problem statement against the following criteria:, It should focus on only one problem.,  It should be one or two sentences long.,  It should not suggest a solution.,  All are corrects, A research question is :, An answerable inquiry into a specific concern or issue.,  It is the initial step in a research project and The first active step in the research project,  The 'initial step' means after you have an idea of what you want to study,,  All are corrects, Your research question is:, The key to success in doing your research,  Writing your research paper,  The foundation of all future work on the paper,  All are corrects, A proposal is also known as a:, Work plan,  Prospectus,  Outline,  Drafts plan,  All are corrects, The most critical areas of an article to read is:, Results section,  Introduction,  Abstract,  Limitations, Questions to ask yourself in regards to the completeness of the literature review include:, Does the title of the literature report reflect what happened or was found in the study,  Are all of the terms defined and documented the first time they are used in the literature review,  Does the problem statement still reflect the social or practical significance of your study,  Have you added any additional journal articles or book chapters that strengthen your arguments,  All of the above, In the definition of epidemiology, "distribution" refers to:, Who,  When, Where,  Why, who,  Who, when and where, In the definition of epidemiology, determinants generally includes:, Agents, Causes,  Risk factors,  Sources,  All of the above, Which of the following statement is correct about the references?:, A reference must always be initialized within functions.,  A reference must always be initialized outside all functions.,  A reference must always be initialized.,  A reference must always be initialized within functions and a reference must always be initialized, Which of the following statements are true?:, The larger the sample size, the greater the sampling error,  The more categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the larger the sample needed,  The fewer categories or breakdowns you want to make in your data analysis, the larger,  the sample needed,  As sample size decreases, so does the size of the confidence interval

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