First inhabitants of southern Africa were hunter-gathers and animal herders., Bantu-speaking peoples, ancestors of most southern Africans, moved to the region around 100 C.E., Afrikaners, wanting to be free of British rule and moved inland., After fierce battles with Bantu-speaking peoples, Afrikaners set up two independent republics., British and Boers wanted to control mineral wealth, leading to Boer War of 1899 to 1902., British won control of South Africa, granting it independence in 1910., Portugal – Angola and Mozambique., Germany – Namibia (later controlled by South Africa)., Britain – Bechuanaland (Botswana), Basutoland (Lesotho), Swaziland, Northern and Southern Rhodesia (Zambia and Zimbabwe)., Apartheid – was a policy in South Africa that was based on race segregation.,

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