1) Which structure is the primary control center of the autonomic nervous system? a) Thalamus b) Frontal lobe c) Hypothalamus d) Cerebellum 2) Sympathetic preganglionic neurons originate from which spinal cord levels? a) C1–C5 b) T1–L2 c) L3–S1 d) S2–S4 3) Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons of the sacral division are found in: a) L1–L3 b) T12–L1 c) S2–S4 d) C5–C8 4) Which cranial nerve carries the majority of parasympathetic output to thoracic and abdominal organs? a) CN III b) CN V c) CN VII d) CN X 5) Which neurotransmitter is released by MOST sympathetic postganglionic neurons? a) Acetylcholine b) Serotonin c) Norepinephrine d) Dopamine 6) Activation of which receptor increases heart rate and contractility? a) α₁ b) β₁ c) β₂ d) M₂ 7) The cell bodies of sympathetic postganglionic neurons are located in: a) Intramural ganglia b) Paravertebral chain ganglia c) Dorsal root ganglia d) Brainstem nuclei 8) Parasympathetic postganglionic fibers are short because: a) They lack neurotransmitters b) Their ganglia are inside or near the target organ c) They are unmyelinated d) They originate from the cerebellum 9) Which of the following is a parasympathetic effect? a) Bronchodilation b) Increased heart rate c) Pupil dilation d) Increased peristalsis 10) During anaphylactic shock, which autonomic response is activated to restore blood pressure? a) Parasympathetic stimulation b) Enteric reflexes c) Sympathetic stimulation d) Somatic reflexes 11) The hypothalamus sends autonomic commands to the spinal cord via the: a) Corticospinal tract b) Spinothalamic tract c) Hypothalamo-spinal tract d) Vestibulospinal tract 12) Which cranial nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to salivary and lacrimal glands? a) CN VII b) CN XII c) CN II d) CN IV 13) Where are sympathetic PREganglionic neuron cell bodies located? a) Brainstem motor nuclei b) Lateral horns of T1–L2 c) Sacral parasympathetic nucleus d) Paravertebral ganglia 14) Which adrenergic receptor mediates bronchodilation? a) α₁ b) α₂ c) β₁ d) β₂ 15) A lesion of the lateral horns from T1–T5 would MOST likely impair: a) Salivation b) Heart rate and blood pressure regulation c) Rectal motility d) Micturition reflex 16) What neurotransmitter is released by ALL preganglionic autonomic neurons? a) Dopamine b) Acetylcholine c) Epinephrine d) Norepinephrine 17) Which organ receives parasympathetic innervation from S2–S4? a) Heart b) Lungs c) Uterus / Rectum / Bladder d) Thyroid 18) Which of the following occurs with sympathetic activation? a) Decreased sweating b) Vasoconstriction of skin vessels c) Increased gastric motility d) Decreased blood glucose 19) Elderly patients often develop incontinence because of degeneration of: a) Cerebellar Purkinje cells b) Sympathetic chain ganglia c) S2–S4 parasympathetic neurons and pudendal pathways d) Motor cortex neurons 20) Which sequence correctly represents the autonomic reflex arc? a) Postganglionic → Preganglionic → Sensory b) Sensory → Preganglionic → Postganglionic c) Sensory → Postganglionic → Preganglionic d) Preganglionic → Sensory → Postganglionic

Autonomic Nervous System Quiz

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