Central Processing Unit - The “brain” of the computer. It carries out instructions, does the calculations and runs all the programs., Graphics Processing Unit - Special chip that draws everything you see on the screen. It’s especially important for games, videos and 3D graphics., Random Access Memory - The computer’s short-term memory. It stores the data and programmes you are using right now so they can work quickly. It empties when you turn the computer off., Read Only Memory - Small, permanent memory that stores the instructions the computer needs to start up (boot). You normally can’t change what’s stored here., Power Supply Unit - Takes electricity from the wall and converts it into safe, low-voltage power for all the parts inside the computer., Heat Sink - A block of metal (often with a fan) that pulls heat away from hot chips like the Central Processing Unit, helping to keep the computer cool and stop it overheating., Optical Drive - A drive that reads and sometimes writes discs. It’s removable, permanent storage often used for films, games or installing software., Hard Drive - Long-term storage for your files, games, photos and the operating system. It may be a spinning drive or a faster solid-state type., Motherboard - The main circuit board that everything plugs into. It lets the Central Processing Unit, memory, storage and other parts communicate with each other., System on a Chip - A single chip that combines the Central Processing Unit, Graphics Processing Unit and memory. Used inside smartphones and smartwatches to save space and power., Solid State Drive - A newer type of storage with no moving parts. It loads programs and games much faster than older hard disks and is more reliable., USB-C Port - A small, rounded USB socket found on modern devices. It works either way up and can be used for charging, storage or screens., Cloud Storage - Online storage space where your files are saved on servers on the internet so you can access them from different devices.,

Computer hardware

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