a.c. - Electric current that periodically reverses direction., d.c. - Electric current that flows in one direction only., Work Done - One joule of work is done when one coulomb of charge is moved through a p.d. of one volt., EMF - Energy given to each coulomb of charge passing through a power supply., Internal resistance - Resistance of the cell/battery/power supply., Lost Volts - Energy per coulomb of charge required to overcome internal resistance., Conductor - Valance and conduction bands overlap - unoccupied energy states are accessible to electrons so conduction is possible , Insulator - Full VB, empty CB, large band gap - unoccupied energy states not accessible to electrons to conduction cannot take place at room T. , Semiconductor - Full VB, empty CB, relatively small band gap - unoccupied energy states accessible for some electrons at room T so conduction can take place., Doping - Addition of small number of impurity atoms to an intrinsic semiconductor that increases conductivity., n-type - Semiconductor doped with donor impurities - majority of charge carriers are electrons., p-type - Semiconductor doped with acceptor impurities - majority of charge carriers are holes., Depletion layer - Region with no charge carriers located at the junction between p-type and n-type semiconductors., Forward biased - n-type connected to negative terminal, p-type to positive terminal., Reverse Biased - n-type connected to positive terminal, p-type connected to negative terminal.,

Higher Physics Definitions Unit 3 Electricity

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