1) According to the author, it is necessary to know the life before the steam engine invention a) According to the author, it is necessary to know the life before the steam engine invention b) A. in order to understand better engine’s influence in common life. c) B. to know the advantages of other energy sources during 1600’s. d) C. because there wasn´t more power sources before its invention. 2) Before the steam engine there was three main energy sources, but a) A. it was not possible to scale them up very well in 1600’s. b) B. they had some disadvantages that steam machine solved. c) C. you had to locate in the mountains to use them well. 3) What energy source was both reliable and could be scaled up? a) A. Water. b) B. Animals c) C. Wind 4) According to the reading, the steam engine is important because a) A. the story of the steam engine is the story of modern invention. b) B. the Industrial Revolution made more reliable transportation. c) C. it contributed to the development of industry and transportation. 5) Hello! Can I talk to George, please? a) A. Hi. He isn’t here yet, but I can take the message. b) B. George is Maritza’s brother; he is very kind with me. c) Talk to him, but don’t tell him I told you those things. 6) Are you from around here? a) A. No, I don’t like it much b) B. Oh yes, I feel nervous. c) C. Yes, but I live abroad. 7) Did you get your certificate? a) A. I have to certify a basic English level b) B. Yes, it came in the mail yesterday morning. c) There are several kinds of certifications. 8) Would I need to bring anything tonight? a) A. In my dreams. b) B. What a trouble! c) C. Just a notebook. 9) What is the goal of the author in this article? a) A. To compare the side effects of the nocebo and the placebo. b) B. To argue a position about the place of medicine and placebos. c) C. To prevent people about the use of nocebo and placebo. d) D. To explain what a placebo and the placebo effect consist of. 10) One of the ideas the reader can infer from the article is that a) A. the placebo is a substance with no medical or any other effect. b) B. we could cure many of our deseases without any drug. c) C. many people continue taking placebos rather than drugs. d) D. the benefits of the placebo are lower than the drugs. 11) Why does the author mention the research about lactose? a) A. Because lactose is a good example of the placebo effect. b) B. People with and without lactose intolerance took part in this research c) C. Because it allows the reader to understand what a nocebo is. d) D. The author considers research as an important source to consult 12) A possible headline for this article is: a) A. In the future doctors could prescribe sugar pills to patients who know they are taking placebos. b) B. A totally new discovery, the placebo effect, calls to question our relation with pills and medicine. c) C. When people know they are taking a placebo, the effect stops, as if they wouldn’t want to cure. d) D. Our body needs medicines and doctors because it is not strong enough to cure by itself

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