Lecture - Instructor presents material and answers any questions that arise., Interactive Lecture - A lecture that includes breaks for student activities, for example: Multiple-choice items, solving a problem, comparing and filling in lecture notes, debriefing a mini case study, doing a think-pair-share exercise, reflection/reaction paragraph, concept mapping activities, etc., Recitation - Students individually answering knowledge and comprehension questions. Occupies a useful place in helping students achieve several respectable outcomes: recalling and restating knowledge, terms, and facts; importantly for EMI, speaking the language of the discipline., Directed Discussion - Class discussion that follows a pre-determined set of questions to lead students to certain realizations or conclusions, or to help them meet a specific learning outcome., Writing-to-learn activities and assignments - Using informal assignments and activities, usually in-class and ungraded, to help students learn material, clarify their thinking, make progress on a formal assignment, or to inform the instructor how well students are mastering new material just presented or read. Activities can include: free writing, one-minute paper, one-sentence summaries, learning logs, direct paraphrasing, drafts for peer feedback, mock tests, Experiential Learning - Students discover and construct knowledge by direct experience, either simulated or real, and focus on their learning process through application, observation and reflection. Activities can include: debates, panel discussion, role plays, games, simulations, press conference, symposium, reflection journals, lab experiments, Case-based Learning - Teaching by exposing students to real-world situations and challenging them to apply course knowledge to analyse the issues and formulate workable solutions. Activities include case study analyses, collaborative scenario-based discussions., Inquiry-based or Inquiry-guided Learning - A self-directed, question-driven search for understanding. Students learn or apply material in order to meet a challenge, answer a question, conduct an experiment, or interpret data., Problem-based Learning - Student groups conduct outside research on student-identified learning issues (unknowns) to devise one or more solutions or resolutions to problems or dilemmas presented in a realistic story or situation., Project-based (or ‘Task-based’) Learning - Students draw on course material (and/or supplement it with individual research) to produce something; often paired with cooperative learning. Often includes major individual or group assignments, e.g., piece of equipment, a product or architectural design, a computer code, a multimedia presentation, an artistic or literary work, a website, a research study, etc., Fieldwork and Clinicals - Students learn how to conduct research and make sound professional judgements in real-world situations. This can include internships, assistantships, community service, shadowing.,

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