Eritrea has a high illiteracy rate, particularly among women, because of cultural expectations about women’s roles. - A In Eritrea, a small country in northeast Africa, approximately 80 percent of the population is illiterate. That percentage is even higher for women. As in many developing countries, most Eritreans have traditional ideas about the role of women. They believe that women should stay home and take care of the family and should not try to get an education or look for a job., Traditional ideas about the role of women prevent Eritrea’s economic development. - B These beliefs are one of the factors that prevent Eritrea and other developing countries from improving their economic situation. Experience in many countries has shown that educated women have fewer children and have more opportunities for improving the lives of their families. In Eritrea, in fact, there is great need for improvement. It is one of the poorest countries in the world, partly because of the dry climate and difficult farming conditions and partly because of thirty years of war with Ethiopia. For many, Eritrean families, getting enough food is a daily problem., The Eritrean government and World Food Program are offering food as a reward for learning, encouraging parents to send their daughters to school. - C To deal with these problems, the Eritrean government, together with the World Food Program, has a new program that offers food as a reward for learning. In primary schools, where there are many more boys than girls, all the children receive food packages to take home to their families. However, with the new program, the girls receive 50 percent more food than the boys. This way, parents are encouraged to send their daughters to school rather than keeping them at home., Eritrea offers food rewards to encourage illiterate women and older girls to join Food for Training. - D Another government program that aims to educate women is Food for Training. Managed by the National Union of Eritrean Women, this program offers food rewards (also from the World Food Organization) to women and older girls who are willing to join the program. Because of the war with Ethiopia, many women are bringing up their families on their own. They often live in refugee camps, with no home or land of their own and no way to earn money. Most of these women are illiterate and have no skills they can use to find a job. They spend most of their day looking for food and preparing it for their families., Food and literacy classes help teenagers and women improve their lives. - E The Food for Training program helps the teenagers and women change their lives. If they agree to join the program, they receive a large package of food each month. In return, the women are required to attend free literacy classed for two hours every day. When Food for Training started with classes in two regions in Eritrea, 5,000 girls and women joined in the first two months. It is especially popular with teenage girls, age fourteen to sixteen, have never had a chance to go to school before., Women will gain job skills, awareness, and voice in future thanks to Food for Training program. - F The organizers of Food for Training also plan to offer other kinds of courses for women, using the same system of food rewards. In these courses, they will teach women job skills and crafts such as basket weaving. These women will not only learn to read and write. They will become aware of what is going on in their country, and they will be able t have a voice in their future.,

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