The ____ Control Protocol (TCP) provides error-free transmission between two ____. The Internet ____ (IP) routes ____ across a wide area ____. Together, they make up the TCP/IP stack – the foundation of communication over the ____. A layering model is used to break up the activities of TCP/IP into separate, independent parts. These layers are called ____, Transport, Internet and Network. ____ is a standard set of protocols for use on ____ area networks (LANs). ____ is the protocol that mail servers use to send, receive, and relay outgoing email between senders and receivers. ____ is an older protocol used for downloading messages. Messages were ____ from the server once downloaded. ____ downloads messages but leaves a copy on the server and adds synchronisation. The Hypertext Transfer ____ (HTTP) is a way for a ____ and server to send and receive ____ and deliver ____ web pages. It is the fundamental protocol of the ____ ____ Web.The Hypertext Transfer Protocol ____ (HTTPS) is effectively the same as HTTP, except it adds in ____ and authentication. So, HTTPS should be used when a website is dealing with ____ information such as ____ or bank ____ details.

Network Layers and Protocols

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