Material Dispersion - Waves of different wavelengths travel at slightly different speeds through an optical fibre and reach the end of the fibre at slightly different times , Modal Dispersion - Waves enter an optical fibre at slil;ghtly different angles, meaning the distance each beam has to travel is slightly different., Cladding - A protective layer on an optical fibre to improve the tensile strength of the fibre, prevent scratching and to prevent signal transfer between adjacent fibres. , Coherence - Waves are coherent if they have the same wavelength and frequency, and a fixed phase difference., Wavelength - The distance between two identical positions on two adjacent waves, Speed - The product of a wave’s frequency and wavelength., Polarisation - The restriction of a wave so that it can only oscillate in a single plane., Phase - A measure of how far through the wave’s cycle a given point on the wave is, Path Difference - A measure of how far ahead a wave is compared to another wave, usually expressed in terms of the wavelength., Phase Difference - The difference in phase between two points on a wave., Diffraction - The spreading of waves as they pass through a gap of a similar magnitude to their wavelength., Fringe Spacing - The distance between two adjacent bright fringes or two adjacent dark fringes., Diffraction Grating - A grating with hundreds of slits per millimeter., Antinode - A position of maximum displacement in a stationary wave., Amplitude - A wave’s maximum displacement from its equilibrium position.,

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