1) We use the present perfect to talk about a past experience without saying when it happened: a) I've been in London last summer. b) I've been in London for two months. 2) To say when something happened, use the past simple. a) I went to London last summer. b) I went to London since last summer. 3) We use the present perfect to talk about the contiuing effect of a past event or action on the present: a) Ann has broken her arm, so she can't compete on Sunday. b) Ann has broken her arm yesterday. 4) We use the present perfect to talk about the time period up to the present: a) I've already finished shopping. b) I've been to town this morning. 5) If the time period is now over, we use the past simple: a) I went into town this morning. b) I already finished shopping.

B1_Present Perfect or Past Simple?

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