Opening Hook, When a writer opens with something to hook the reader's attention, Changes/Shifts, Any changes in pace, tension, focus, tone or atmosphere, Dialogue, Using or introducing speech from characters, Narrative View Point, Which perspective is it from? First (I), Second (You), Third (He/She/They) ? Why?, Endings, Consider the way the extract finishes- is it happily? Tragically? Mysteriously? Suddenly?, Cliff-Hanger/Uncertain Endings, When the ending is left as mysterious or suspenseful on purpose, Order of events, Literally the order that events happen: Is it chronological (time order)? Circular? Chaotic?, Foreshadowing, When the reader gets little clues that something may happen before it actually does, Sentence variations, Varying the length/structure of sentences for effect (shorter = quicker pace/powerful, longer = descriptive or rambling), Repetition, Repeating key words or phrases or ideas to emphasise something, Contrasts/Juxtapositions, Having one idea and then the opposite thing happens , Anti-Climax, building up our hopes/excitement and then letting it down, Climax, The most intense moment of the scene - all the suspense builds to this, Chronological Structure, i.e. going through time in a “normal” way., Flashbacks or flashforwards, Highlighting specific events or thoughts, important to the text in some way…, Beginning / Exposition, What are they focusing on at the beginning of the passage, and why?.

Structural Devices

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