may (not)/ might (not)/ could have + V3 - to speculate about the past, should/ shouldn't have/ ought (not) to have + V3 - what the right or wrong way to behave was , might have/ could have - to tell somebody how we think they should have behaved (with "!"), must have and can't/ couldn't have - to make logical deductions about the past , should have and was supposed to - talk about the things we expect to have happened , needn't have+past participle - to say an action that was done was unnecessary , didn't need to+infinitive - the action was unnecessary, whether or not it was done ,

Modals in the past

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